The Great Depression in America :: essays research papers fc

Youngster Labor The 1990 World Summit for youngsters was a milestone, which was gone to by 71 heads of state. It was a snapshot of extraordinary fulfillment and consolation for all the worldwide bodies occupied with their quest for making â€Å"A world fit for children†, when 71 heads of state promised to destroy polio, decrease baby death rate, wipe out the most exceedingly awful types of youngster work and advance professional preparing for youths (Sandrasagara, 7). Complex Factors There is a mainstream popular supposition that the youngsters ought not be presented to work errands including work at an age, which requests their association in instructive and recreational exercises. The exercises embraced at youngster age add to their development and advancement and undertaking work task at this age is no not exactly a wrongdoing. Be that as it may, for the most part individuals express this assessment dependent on compelling feelings and the mind boggling factors adding to this predicament are not comprehended in their genuine foundation. These components territory from lawful, social, political and financial angles, which reach out a long ways past the forceful feelings. A definite, cautious and sympathetic investigation of these elements can lead us to comprehend the issues of youngster work on a universal skyline. Amazing enactment, its exacting requirement and the degree of its usage no matter how you look at it on a global scale can fill in as an establishm ent in tending to this revile. Universal investigations uncover the greatness of the grave issue of kid work. An orderly gauge, attempted in 1985 (Black 9), determined around 31 million road youngsters around the world, of whom 71 percent were kid laborers living at home, 23 percent kept intermittent family contact, and 8 percent were altogether isolated. The contributing variables to the kid work are boundless, be that as it may, the fundamental barely any elements are outer obligation, destitution, absence of fitting framework, financial emergency, and social and social condition. It is said that the data innovation has enormously contributed in globalization and changing the world into a worldwide town. The incongruity of the circumstance is that everything in this world is globalizing aside from riches and advancement. The Brettonwoods establishments for example IMF and the World Bank need to play a solid and fair job in guaranteeing that the seeds of development and improvement are infused into the creating scene. In spite of the fact that destitution is named to be the primary causal factor for kid work in the creating scene, in any case, a few examinations have indicated that some kid laborers â€Å"are moderately from well-off families, and take part in the business for fervor and pocket cash (Myers 9).

The Diary Of Anne Frank By Anne Frank :: essays research papers

In 1942, when the Nazi's started to attack their nation, the Frank family sought total isolation in a storage room of a distribution center. The Franks' little girl, Anne, kept a journal all through their shocking difficulty. Minutes before the Frank's were caught in their concealing spot following a two-year remain, Anne wrote in her journal the words, 'regardless of everything, I despite everything accept that individuals are great on the most fundamental level.'; Even however Anne endured so much her fearlessness and character just became more grounded. Â Â Â Â Â Before Anne Frank sought total isolation, she drove a delighted and blissful life. She was constantly encircled by companions and her family was wealthy. She was torn away from her bliss and set into the unforgiving and coldblooded truth of the Nazi plan at just thirteen years old. This simply because she was Jewish. She stayed secured up in the loft of the distribution center for right around twenty-five months, always being unable to step outside. Such restraint and life of dread would make practically any adolescent totally discouraged and progressively hopeless that words could communicate. In any case, Anne figured out how to save trust in a superior tomorrow and her regard for humankind. Â Â Â Â Â Anne offered an extremely ground-breaking expression in her final words. To really accept something like this subsequent to being manhandled by the Nazis is very amazing in reality. I am exceptionally certain that the vast majority, including myself, would have imagined that the world was a totally degenerate and people are normally remorseless in the event that they'd have experienced such occasions. I accept that Anne can say something like this as a result of her extraordinary unselfishness and love for all of G-d's animals. I likewise accept that if Anne could have written in her journal after she had gone to the inhumane imprisonment, she would have said precisely the same thing.

White and Indian Relations between 1865 to 1900 Essay Example for Free

White and Indian Relations between 1865 to 1900 Essay Encounters and clashes between White American and Native American during the late eighteen hundreds become progressively uneven. From ceremonial practices and convictions to land proprietorship and government approach; Native Americans and there white form parts varied significantly. Between 1865 to 1900 the White man and Native American connections in western United States could be portrayed as a loathsome and miss driving frenzy of white man pulverizing remote traditions and people groups. In 1862 Congress had allowed western pioneers their two biggest wishes, the Home Stead Act, promising responsibility for section of land tract of open land to a resident or leader of a family who had dwelled on/or developed the land for a long time after starting case and the cross-country railroad. Carrying the grew east coast to the Wild West, was the impetus to end of the Native American. Contributing variables for the end of the Native American connection between the White Man are appeared through carnage and tears. With new white pilgrims going toward the west, Native American grounds contracted fundamentally. In 1862 the grounds of the Santee Sioux, close to the Minnesota River had been trimmed down so definitely, the Sioux chose to fight back. The Sioux disappointments over grounds lead to the one of the first of numerous enormous Native American wars with the White man. The Sioux War finished in 1868 with the marking of the Treaty of Fort Laramie, Which built up two huge Native American reservations. The Reservations where situated in Oklahoma and Dakota Badlands. Just six years after the fact Colonel George Armstrong Custer drove an undertaking into the Scared Black Hills of the Sioux. In the same way as other U. S. government treaty’s to Native American, Custer abused of the settlement of 1868 and began the hullabaloo and killings for the following ten years. After the impacts of Custers Last Stand, the Native American protection from the White Man stopped. By 1886 reformers perceived that the arrangement of containing Indians on reservations was not in the wellbeing. With well meaning goals congress maintained the Dawes Severalty act in 1887. It finished the booking approach and urged Native Americans to intergrade into white society, as ranchers and land owners. One of the significant reasons why â€Å"The Dawes Act† didn't with stand was because of the Native American idea of property. In numerous manner the Native American and the White Man convey diverse good and social convictions. One of the additionally fascinating ideas that Native Americans with held during early American years was the possibility of landowner transport. Local American clans where dispersed up and down the, presently joined expressed and frequently coming to past present outskirts. Local American clans additionally made due on relocating creatures in the encompassing regions. Wild ox In the western United States was a food staple for some Native American clans. Wild ox being a moving creature, needed to have been followed to be pursued. Driving the greater part of Native Americans to be roaming clans following the bison group. At the point when the white settles came to Native Americans with land proprietorship a large number of the Native American clans didnt concur with this new remote idea. Local Americans believed that everybody should share land, and a solitary individual can't and ought not possess land. In 1879, the government endeavored to Americanize Native Americans by and by. This time through an increasingly sensational methodology. Evaluating around one thousand Native American youth where compelled to learn at one of the one hundred and fifty all inclusive schools around the United States. These schools showed Native American youth how to turn out to be socially acknowledged in white American. By changing society styles with white American, and thoroughly dismissing Native American way of life. As anyone might expect a large portion of the school didn't last, due to the severe, internment camp Like conditions. Another advocator for serene incorporation among Native Americans into white society was a man named Richard Pratt. Pratt was celebrated for his concept of considering Native To be as, what one would call a â€Å"blank record. † Meaning, similarly as every other person, human. His thoughts comprise of full absorption of white culture and dismissing long periods of Native American culture, for the advancement of the individuals. Murder the Indian, And Save the Man. This is one of his most well known piece on Native Americans osmosis. In 1890 the last extraordinary expectation, the rise of The Ghost Dance was a portrayal from a medication man, that all the dead Native American troopers will return to life and get revenge on the new settled Americans. This Ghost Dance is the image for the finish of the battle for the west. By the 1890 the Native American needed to adjust to life inside the limits set by white culture regardless of their valiant endeavors of opposition. List of sources Davidson, James West. Us: A Narrative History, Volume 2. sixth ed. Vol. 2. [S. l. ]: Mcgraw Hill Higher Educat, 2011. Print.

Feminist views in the Canterbury Tales Essay

The book The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer holds an assortment of stories situated in medieval occasions of a few people experiencing an excursion. En route each character stops to recount to a story that shows a good. These accounts all have their own heroes that share the storyteller’s convictions and every story is told with a remarkable perspective on the evolving scene. Toward the finish of every story, the primary character faces their judgment or figuring and an exercise gives itself upon them. The Wife of Bath’s story and the Nun’s Priest story both epitomize this thought unmistakably and share clashing perspectives on the job of ladies during the timeframe. In the star women's activist story of the Wife of Bath the youthful knight faces his judgment toward the end when he permits his better half to pick her appearance and, in the antifeminist Nun’s Priest story, the chicken, known as Chanticleer, faces his judgment when the fox grabs him. The principal character that faces his retribution is the youthful knight in the story told by the Wife of Bath. The Wife of Bath presents an expert women's activist view in when ladies were viewed as items and the problem the knight faces identifies with the topic of the tale of how confiding in ladies consistently brings about satisfaction. The knight assaults a lady and is rebuffed by the sovereign and compelled to discover what ladies need the most. Similarly as the knight is going to surrender his inquiry, he discovers a worn out elderly person that discloses to him that she has the appropriate response he looks for yet will possibly uncover it to him on the off chance that he vows to finish an errand for her later on. He says yes and she discloses to him that ladies need territory over their spouses. He faces his retribution toward the finish of the story, after he has hitched the elderly person, when his better half permits him to pick her appearance. He reacts, â€Å"My woman and my affection, and wif so dere, I putte me in youre insightful governaunce† (p234 lines 1236-1237). He is then compensated for offering matchless quality to his significant other and she decides to be delightful and dedicated. The knight arrives at this revelation through his excursion, as he needed to approach ladies with deference and give them territory over himself so as to spare his life. This retribution is suitable for the knight in light of the fact that, toward the start of the story, he didn't regard ladies in any case, all through his hunt, he discovers that treating ladies similarly and being accommodating to them prompts joy. The second character that faces his retribution is Chanticleer from the Nun Priest’s story. Chanticleer is the best chicken in all the land yet one day he has an awful dream. He tells his better half of his fantasy and she lashes out at him saying, â€Å"I can nat love a weakling, by my confidence. For certes, what so any womman saith, we alle desiren, on the off chance that it may be, to han a housbondes solid astute and free† (p252 lines 91-94). This thought stands out enormously from that of the Wife of Bath’s, which said that ladies just need territory over their spouses. Chanticleer decides to disregard his fantasy, against his own desires, so as to satisfy his significant other. Nonetheless, he comes to confront his judgment when a fox comes and takes him from the upset. Chanticleer is nearly murdered for tuning in to his better half however figures out how to escape the fox’s grasp and escape. This judgment is suitable for Chanticleer as he speaks to male incomparability in the public arena. At the point when he tunes in to his significant other over his own instinct he is almost executed. This stories shows a solid antifeminist perspective, conversely with that of the Wife of Bath, and depicts ladies as the ruin of man. The storyteller even says, â€Å"Wommenes conseils broughte us first to wo, and made Adam fro paradis to go, there as he was ful merye and wel at ese. Be that as it may, for I noot to whom it may displese in the event that I conseil of ladies wolde fault, pass over† (p259 lines 436-442). The Wife of Bath and the Nun’s Priest story both show how the characters confronted their retribution subsequent to tuning in to the ladies in their lives. In the Wife of Bath’s story the knight is compensated for approaching ladies with deference while, in the Nun’s Priest story, Chanticleer is rebuffed. Chaucer composed these two stories since they show the conflict of perspectives on women’s jobs in the public eye around then. While the Wife of Bath underpins women’s rights, the Nun’s minister story denounces them and says ladies are only unadulterated abhorrence. This conflict despite everything exists today and one may think about whether individuals today could take in an exercise from these two characters.

Crittercism

Crittercism INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi, today we are in San Francisco with Crittercism. Andrew, who are you and what do you do?Andrew: So I am the co-founder of the company. I lead strategy and basically handle all outward facing activities and I also work with the team on product strategy and roadmap.Martin: How did you come up with this business idea?Andrew: Basically, I have an engineering background. A Long time ago I was doing data warehousing at HP so big data type engineering work. I left there when I got into Y Combinator, a startup incubator based out here in the Valley for a different company. There we were working on a project, it’s a data pipeline that analyzes tweets to be able to target advertising. We are quite passionate about ad tech space so we ended up shutting down that company. It was my first start-up after college I was working on but I met up with a coworker at HP and we started building mobile apps together. Our apps, they had a bunch of performance problems, we had one st ar reviews, we had people complaining. We just found out it was very difficult to get a handle on what that end user experience was like. We ended up building some tools to help ourselves and we spoke at bunch of mobile meetups and realized that this was a widespread problem.The apps we have used ourselves were not that actionable. I am sure you’ve read that before, they say, “This app sucks. It’s not working.” Ok, it doesn’t help me recreate the problem and even if you could get in touch with the consumer, they just aren’t knowledgeable to help you understand and recreate exactly what happened and what happened under the hood. That’s what the company is for, we solve problems, scratch your own edge is the phrase. So we are building apps back in 2010 and we ended up incorporating this company in January of 2011 so actually comes up on our 5 anniversary now.Martin: Did you have some kind of initial customers before you incorporated the company and this made you see that there might be some business potential? Or did you first incorporate it and then went looking for customers?Andrew: It’s a great question because after Y Combinator we got a little bit of money from there but we were bootstrapping and my fiancée at that time was buying groceries which was great, she was being very supportive, but we wanted to make sure that the next company that I build, that there was something there, that there was a real problem, a ‘hair on fire’ problem that needed to be solved. After we’re building those mobile apps we almost didn’t start this company. But we felt like there was something there and so what we did was we set up a sign up list, like a beta list, put up a landing page and that was just a way for us to gauge demand . And in addition to that we did get software out in the hands of a few startups, a few other developers that we knew in the community. We just saw that there was enough demand and we actually took that and applied to a diffe rent incubator called Angel Pad which is founded by a bunch of ex-googlers who are now based in New York. We got into that program. So we had the social proof and social validation through that. Plus we had that sign up list of potential clients and so we said, “We have to do this. We are on to something.”BUSINESS MODEL OF CRITTERCISMMartin: Let’s talk about the business model of Crittercism. What is actually the value proposition that you are delivering to your customers?Andrew: It’s actually fairly straightforward which I think when you work on something, can you explain it to your grandma that’s kind of a test, right? Basically everyone has used a mobile app that hasn’t worked correctly, maybe it was slow or laggy, maybe tried to buy something and it didn’t work. So what Crittercism does is that it attract that user journey while they are using a mobile app. It sees where you struggle and we collect diagnostic data under the hood, to help companies find and fix tho se issues that customers are running into.I guess a bit of a deeper explanation of what we do is to really provide actual intelligence by taking operational and behavioral data. So behavioral data is what buttons the user is tapping on, what screens they are on. And then the operational data that we overlay on top of it is code defects â€" things like crashes and errors, networking issues, not only carrier performance but we track all the cloud services and APIs that a mobile app is interacting with. And we tie it back of course with code defects because they can be related. We look at important transactions or workflows in the app so if you are trying to log in or update your profile or check out, we take that and we track all these critical events and help you understand its taking too long to complete an action and if there is some failure that occurred along the way.Martin: When you are talking of user behavior tracking is it that the company or your customer is actually definin g the workflow or is It like generic like maybe Google Analytics maybe just add the Crittercism snippet and that’s it?Andrew: It’s similar to google analytics. We have an SDK piece of software that you embed into an app. We automate a lot of these events that we collect and a lot of the performance issues that a customer may run into. We do an optional logging so you can send us additional data and also we let you define what those important workflows are. Our clients know better than us where does logging start and end so they can define that and we will automatically track all these critical events, user behavior and operational data along the way.Martin: Are you having an API so your customer has access to all the people data as well?Andrew: Yes, we have an API for all virtual data and our best clients will hook us up into their operation centers. The product managers will have real time view especially around releases. The develper team will have a separate dashboard, seeing what the code defects are like and how well they are doing.Martin: Are there any specific customer segments that you are having or is it just everybody who has a mobile app?Andrew: So we operate across verticals, across industries. We operate at a tremendous scale. We process over a hundred billion application launches every month. This is a across three of the five top global media companies, two of the top three hotel chains in the world, two of the top three credit card processors and so it’s not every single vertical. We do have major presence in retail. I’d anyone that’s building a mission critical or revenue critical mobile application falls under our purview. And it’s in a variety of use cases, and it is not necessarily who thinks of the consumer apps when you download apps at the app store, that is the majority of our business but a lot of companies are also publishing internal mobile applications to their employeesto improve a business process.So an example would b eâ€" we have a very large retailer who has applied apps to the employees in the warehouses so they can track inventory.There is another one that we work with, and you have seen point of sale devices being done by smart phones or tablets, but they actually will even do something like take a smartphone and hook it up to a printer and reprint price tags when people return items to the store. So we are seeing more and more of that, all these business processes are being moved onto smartphones and tablets because of the efficiency gains that they get from it.Martin How is your revenue model working?Andrew: So we charge based on how many users an app has. Specifically, monthly active users. If you install and never use the app we won’t charge the company that’s supporting the app for that user. But it makes sense because we collect more data the more customers that client ends up having.Martin: And how did you define the price point or is it really like customer specific?Andrew: It to ok us a while to get to something that worked because there wasn’t a great analogy in the beginning. It wasn’t like we can look at what was happening on the web world, because mobile is just different beast. And so we just experimented and over time found a price point that worked.Martin: Ok, cool. Are there any options to extending this kind of model because if you are first on the mobile and you have all the behavioral data so to speak where can identify wether an app crashed or some system information and etc. what you are currently doing. Are there any other applications that can build on top of that or actually you are already doing?Andrew: Sure. You are right, we collect a lot of rich data. In fact, we started publishing some of this in the forms of reports in The Health of the Industry, as iOS and Android is doing. In fact, we’ve got data.crittercism.com, we have some live benchmarks there. So we will continue to invest in the data intelligence aspect of it.But we have our customers using us in a variety of ways, ways we couldn’t even imagine when we first built the company. At the end of the day it’s all about customer experience and companies want to make sure that no matter what channel their users are going through to access their service that they have that amazing experience. And of course there is revenue involved to make sure that everything goes smoothly.So an example that would be obviously around connected devices and IOT, we are in some major watch applications, as an example we have just seen Apple revamp its TV offering. So these are platforms that we’ve started to work on and we plan to support all of them because they actually look and feel and smell very similar to smartphone and tablets and there really you are dealing with embedded software. And the important thing to keep in mind is when working on embedded software is customer experience is very tightly coupled with performance because everything is combined into one. Yo u don’t have that client â€" server separation of the web. And companies just struggle to keep up because the ecosystem is moving so quickly, there is not enough engineering talent out there, they can’t even hire fast enough. They have caught up somewhere, on the traditional mobile side but now you have this explosion of brand new devices coming out and it’s another challenge. Our software helps them tackle those challenges so their customers are successful .Martin: You are covering one and one hundred billion app loads a month. Can you give us insights on the main reasons why an app is crashing?Andrew: Sure. And when you say crash, you know people use this term for variety of things. When you look at an app crashing, it could be just close but what happens if you try to buy something and it’s sitting there and spinning and you say screw that and hit the home button some people might call it a crash even though technically there is a word for it.When it comes down to it, itâ €™s actually related to why mobile is different. If you can answer that question, you can answer what causes apps to fail the most. When you look at it, you look at all the devices out there, you have heard a lot about device fragmentation, thousands and thousands Android devices. Even on iOS , you see they have a lot more devices than they used to. You see a lot of operating system pushes so we just had iOS9, Marshmallow is having a roll out right now. And each new iOS release can cause problems, each new device that comes out. You have carriers and a lot of people think carriers are dumb pipes but they can actually mess with the data, they can do package shaping we have seen one that have changed JPEGs to PNGs as an example. You have geopolitical issues like the firewall in China, you have major countries just shutting down internet access during conflicts. These are all things you just didn’t even have to imagine in the previous world. But of course the sensors available to the se devices are new. And so we added all up, it is impossible to test every possible use case and even if you could that new Samsung device comes out and suddenly things start breaking again. Having that visibility, it is a vague answer but that’s the number one reason why applications fail. It’s just that there are peculiarities; whether it’s the device, the OS, the location that cause some of them to occur or some code to be executed that you just didn’t test for. That’s what ends up causing a lot of headaches especially for companies that that are not using our software.Martin: Are you aware of the Safe Harbour Act? I think some weeks ago it was refusedâ€"Andrew: Last week. Yes, The European High Court nullified it.Martin: Your company is based in the US. Do you see any impact on the Safe Harbour on your business?Andrew: So Europe has been important for us from day one. In fact, our first paying customer was in Europe which a lot of people don’t know. Even though we ar e 60 person company we have a European data center. We leverage Amazon’s Frankfurt Instance and that has data isolation so the data does not leave the EU. In fact, it doesn’t leave Germany, it’s based there. We were Safe Harbour certified before the European Court did that annulment, by the way we are paying close attention because they are going to give new guidelines to US companies, kind of like a Safe Harbour 2.0.But data privacy and security has always been important to us, it’s always been a question that has been raised. Especially because we are embedded in people’s apps and so by default we don’t collect any personal identifiable information. In fact, we have turned a lot of capabilities off by default in our SDK and companies can chose to turn things on, depending on if they are comfortable with it or not. You have to deal with mobiles that can be used by children, especially children under 13 and there is a law against collecting data there.So we have made sur e to be compliant across the spectrum in the US and overseas as well. So I think other companies that maybe don’t have a European data center are probably pretty worried because when they sell to a company in Europe, that was one of the certification they would show to make them feel more trusted an feel better by using their product but for us, we have that capability available so there is less of an impact for us.Martin: Just checking if I got it right, in the US you are not allowed to track the behavior of people of 13 years and below?Andrew: There is a specific rule called Code of Compliance. There are specific rules around collecting anything that might be considered as person identifiable. We don’t collect that by default anyway but there is a gray area in terms of what you consider person identifiable and so we have made sure that we architected ourselves both in terms of our product but also in terms of the legal documents that we handle.ADVICE TO ENTREPRENEURS FROM ANDR EW LEVY In San Francisco (CA), we meet Co-Founder of Crittercism, Andrew Levy. Andrew talks about his story how he came up with the idea and founded Crittercism, how the current business model works, as well as he provides some advice for young entrepreneurs.INTRODUCTIONMartin: Hi, today we are in San Francisco with Crittercism. Andrew, who are you and what do you do?Andrew: So I am the co-founder of the company. I lead strategy and basically handle all outward facing activities and I also work with the team on product strategy and roadmap.Martin: How did you come up with this business idea?Andrew: Basically, I have an engineering background. A Long time ago I was doing data warehousing at HP so big data type engineering work. I left there when I got into Y Combinator, a startup incubator based out here in the Valley for a different company. There we were working on a project, it’s a data pipeline that analyzes tweets to be able to target advertising. We are quite passionate about ad tech space so we ended up shutting down that company. It was my first start-up after college I was working on but I met up with a coworker at HP and we started building mobile apps together. Our apps, they had a bunch of performance problems, we had one star reviews, we had people complaining. We just found out it was very difficult to get a handle on what that end user experience was like. We ended up building some tools to help ourselves and we spoke at bunch of mobile meetups and realized that this was a widespread problem.The apps we have used ourselves were not that actionable. I am sure you’ve read that before, they say, “This app sucks. It’s not working.” Ok, it doesn’t help me recreate the problem and even if you could get in touch with the consumer, they just aren’t knowledgeable to help you understand and recreate exactly what happened and what happened under the hood. That’s what the company is for, we solve problems, scratch your own edge is the phrase. So we ar e building apps back in 2010 and we ended up incorporating this company in January of 2011 so actually comes up on our 5 anniversary now.Martin: Did you have some kind of initial customers before you incorporated the company and this made you see that there might be some business potential? Or did you first incorporate it and then went looking for customers?Andrew: It’s a great question because after Y Combinator we got a little bit of money from there but we were bootstrapping and my fiancée at that time was buying groceries which was great, she was being very supportive, but we wanted to make sure that the next company that I build, that there was something there, that there was a real problem, a ‘hair on fire’ problem that needed to be solved. After we’re building those mobile apps we almost didn’t start this company. But we felt like there was something there and so what we did was we set up a sign up list, like a beta list, put up a landing page and that was just a w ay for us to gauge demand . And in addition to that we did get software out in the hands of a few startups, a few other developers that we knew in the community. We just saw that there was enough demand and we actually took that and applied to a different incubator called Angel Pad which is founded by a bunch of ex-googlers who are now based in New York. We got into that program. So we had the social proof and social validation through that. Plus we had that sign up list of potential clients and so we said, “We have to do this. We are on to something.”BUSINESS MODEL OF CRITTERCISMMartin: Let’s talk about the business model of Crittercism. What is actually the value proposition that you are delivering to your customers?Andrew: It’s actually fairly straightforward which I think when you work on something, can you explain it to your grandma that’s kind of a test, right? Basically everyone has used a mobile app that hasn’t worked correctly, maybe it was slow or laggy, maybe tried to buy something and it didn’t work. So what Crittercism does is that it attract that user journey while they are using a mobile app. It sees where you struggle and we collect diagnostic data under the hood, to help companies find and fix those issues that customers are running into.I guess a bit of a deeper explanation of what we do is to really provide actual intelligence by taking operational and behavioral data. So behavioral data is what buttons the user is tapping on, what screens they are on. And then the operational data that we overlay on top of it is code defects â€" things like crashes and errors, networking issues, not only carrier performance but we track all the cloud services and APIs that a mobile app is interacting with. And we tie it back of course with code defects because they can be related. We look at important transactions or workflows in the app so if you are trying to log in or update your profile or check out, we take that and we track all these cr itical events and help you understand its taking too long to complete an action and if there is some failure that occurred along the way.Martin: When you are talking of user behavior tracking is it that the company or your customer is actually defining the workflow or is It like generic like maybe Google Analytics maybe just add the Crittercism snippet and that’s it?Andrew: It’s similar to google analytics. We have an SDK piece of software that you embed into an app. We automate a lot of these events that we collect and a lot of the performance issues that a customer may run into. We do an optional logging so you can send us additional data and also we let you define what those important workflows are. Our clients know better than us where does logging start and end so they can define that and we will automatically track all these critical events, user behavior and operational data along the way.Martin: Are you having an API so your customer has access to all the people data as well?Andrew: Yes, we have an API for all virtual data and our best clients will hook us up into their operation centers. The product managers will have real time view especially around releases. The develper team will have a separate dashboard, seeing what the code defects are like and how well they are doing.Martin: Are there any specific customer segments that you are having or is it just everybody who has a mobile app?Andrew: So we operate across verticals, across industries. We operate at a tremendous scale. We process over a hundred billion application launches every month. This is a across three of the five top global media companies, two of the top three hotel chains in the world, two of the top three credit card processors and so it’s not every single vertical. We do have major presence in retail. I’d anyone that’s building a mission critical or revenue critical mobile application falls under our purview. And it’s in a variety of use cases, and it is not necessarily who thinks of the consumer apps when you download apps at the app store, that is the majority of our business but a lot of companies are also publishing internal mobile applications to their employeesto improve a business process.So an example would beâ€" we have a very large retailer who has applied apps to the employees in the warehouses so they can track inventory.There is another one that we work with, and you have seen point of sale devices being done by smart phones or tablets, but they actually will even do something like take a smartphone and hook it up to a printer and reprint price tags when people return items to the store. So we are seeing more and more of that, all these business processes are being moved onto smartphones and tablets because of the efficiency gains that they get from it.Martin How is your revenue model working?Andrew: So we charge based on how many users an app has. Specifically, monthly active users. If you install and never use the app we won’t char ge the company that’s supporting the app for that user. But it makes sense because we collect more data the more customers that client ends up having.Martin: And how did you define the price point or is it really like customer specific?Andrew: It took us a while to get to something that worked because there wasn’t a great analogy in the beginning. It wasn’t like we can look at what was happening on the web world, because mobile is just different beast. And so we just experimented and over time found a price point that worked.Martin: Ok, cool. Are there any options to extending this kind of model because if you are first on the mobile and you have all the behavioral data so to speak where can identify wether an app crashed or some system information and etc. what you are currently doing. Are there any other applications that can build on top of that or actually you are already doing?Andrew: Sure. You are right, we collect a lot of rich data. In fact, we started publishing some of this in the forms of reports in The Health of the Industry, as iOS and Android is doing. In fact, we’ve got data.crittercism.com, we have some live benchmarks there. So we will continue to invest in the data intelligence aspect of it.But we have our customers using us in a variety of ways, ways we couldn’t even imagine when we first built the company. At the end of the day it’s all about customer experience and companies want to make sure that no matter what channel their users are going through to access their service that they have that amazing experience. And of course there is revenue involved to make sure that everything goes smoothly.So an example that would be obviously around connected devices and IOT, we are in some major watch applications, as an example we have just seen Apple revamp its TV offering. So these are platforms that we’ve started to work on and we plan to support all of them because they actually look and feel and smell very similar to smartphone an d tablets and there really you are dealing with embedded software. And the important thing to keep in mind is when working on embedded software is customer experience is very tightly coupled with performance because everything is combined into one. You don’t have that client â€" server separation of the web. And companies just struggle to keep up because the ecosystem is moving so quickly, there is not enough engineering talent out there, they can’t even hire fast enough. They have caught up somewhere, on the traditional mobile side but now you have this explosion of brand new devices coming out and it’s another challenge. Our software helps them tackle those challenges so their customers are successful .Martin: You are covering one and one hundred billion app loads a month. Can you give us insights on the main reasons why an app is crashing?Andrew: Sure. And when you say crash, you know people use this term for variety of things. When you look at an app crashing, it could be just close but what happens if you try to buy something and it’s sitting there and spinning and you say screw that and hit the home button some people might call it a crash even though technically there is a word for it.When it comes down to it, it’s actually related to why mobile is different. If you can answer that question, you can answer what causes apps to fail the most. When you look at it, you look at all the devices out there, you have heard a lot about device fragmentation, thousands and thousands Android devices. Even on iOS , you see they have a lot more devices than they used to. You see a lot of operating system pushes so we just had iOS9, Marshmallow is having a roll out right now. And each new iOS release can cause problems, each new device that comes out. You have carriers and a lot of people think carriers are dumb pipes but they can actually mess with the data, they can do package shaping we have seen one that have changed JPEGs to PNGs as an example. You have geopolitical issues like the firewall in China, you have major countries just shutting down internet access during conflicts. These are all things you just didn’t even have to imagine in the previous world. But of course the sensors available to these devices are new. And so we added all up, it is impossible to test every possible use case and even if you could that new Samsung device comes out and suddenly things start breaking again. Having that visibility, it is a vague answer but that’s the number one reason why applications fail. It’s just that there are peculiarities; whether it’s the device, the OS, the location that cause some of them to occur or some code to be executed that you just didn’t test for. That’s what ends up causing a lot of headaches especially for companies that that are not using our software.Martin: Are you aware of the Safe Harbour Act? I think some weeks ago it was refusedâ€"Andrew: Last week. Yes, The European High Court nullified it.Martin: Y our company is based in the US. Do you see any impact on the Safe Harbour on your business?Andrew: So Europe has been important for us from day one. In fact, our first paying customer was in Europe which a lot of people don’t know. Even though we are 60 person company we have a European data center. We leverage Amazon’s Frankfurt Instance and that has data isolation so the data does not leave the EU. In fact, it doesn’t leave Germany, it’s based there. We were Safe Harbour certified before the European Court did that annulment, by the way we are paying close attention because they are going to give new guidelines to US companies, kind of like a Safe Harbour 2.0.But data privacy and security has always been important to us, it’s always been a question that has been raised. Especially because we are embedded in people’s apps and so by default we don’t collect any personal identifiable information. In fact, we have turned a lot of capabilities off by default in our SDK an d companies can chose to turn things on, depending on if they are comfortable with it or not. You have to deal with mobiles that can be used by children, especially children under 13 and there is a law against collecting data there.So we have made sure to be compliant across the spectrum in the US and overseas as well. So I think other companies that maybe don’t have a European data center are probably pretty worried because when they sell to a company in Europe, that was one of the certification they would show to make them feel more trusted an feel better by using their product but for us, we have that capability available so there is less of an impact for us.Martin: Just checking if I got it right, in the US you are not allowed to track the behavior of people of 13 years and below?Andrew: There is a specific rule called Code of Compliance. There are specific rules around collecting anything that might be considered as person identifiable. We don’t collect that by default anyw ay but there is a gray area in terms of what you consider person identifiable and so we have made sure that we architected ourselves both in terms of our product but also in terms of the legal documents that we handle.ADVICE TO ENTREPRENEURS FROM ANDREW LEVYMartin: What type of advice could you give to first time entrepreneurs who would just come to you and say, “Andrew, I want to start a company but I am not sure what to do and how to do it correctly”?Andrew: There are many pieces of advice I could give. I would say for one thing when we were trying to start a company before I think we were going about it in the wrong way and kind of sitting in a room brainstorming about, “Hey, what should we work on”. But when it really came down to the most successful one we were leaning on our own experiences in what pains we did encounter, what inefficiencies that we did see. It is hard to start a company when you are not intimately familiar, you don’t have the main knowledge. If you are a software developer and you want to create software for medical profession but you don’t have any medical background it’s tough, you need to find a co-founder that could fill that slot for you.But beyond that, I think one thing that helped was as we started the company, one of the mantras that you hear quite frequently is fail fast. And even after we started this company we had what we thought was one product line but it was actually two and we begin quickly deprecating and getting rid of one of them because it wasn’t going as quickly. We wanted to really focus our time so I think it is important that we did that. Over time we have continued to make sure we stay focused and get rid of projects that are not on our core.Another piece of advice that I’d give is that you are very scrappy at the beginning and you don’t have a lot of money and it really forces you to make decisions in the right way and to move quickly. So another piece of advice I’d give is as you raise m oney from investors and you start to grow the company is you keep that mentality. If you do raise some money don’t overspend, make sure you validate your sales model. Don’t go out and hire a hundred sales people before you have done that. The analogy might be some people say, “If you build it, they will come”. But what you should do is to let some clients come and then build a little bit more. Don’t burry your head in the sand and build something for a year and hope that you will be successful. You need to quickly iterate and that’s not just in software development but that’s also on your business model and go to market plans.Martin: Andrew, thank you so much for your time. It was very nice and interesting.Andrew: Thanks. It was nice meeting you.Martin: And if you have an app and you want to really understand why it fails or where you can improve it on your workflow maybe you can just install and buy Crittercism.